![]() They carry the necessary functions for life. 1982 Oct 10 257(19):11639–11643.Genes in DNA encode protein molecules, also called the workhouses of the cell. Isolation and DNA sequence of the glnS gene. Escherichia coli glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. Yamao F, Inokuchi H, Cheung A, Ozeki H, Söll D.Mutants of initiator tRNA that function both as initiators and elongators. Varshney U, Lee CP, Seong BL, RajBhandary UL.Application to studying recognition of Escherichia coli initiator tRNA mutants by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. Direct analysis of aminoacylation levels of tRNAs in vivo. Role of methionine and formylation of initiator tRNA in initiation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli. Initiation of protein synthesis from a termination codon. Functional recognition of phage RNA by 30-S ribosomal subunits in the absence of initiator tRNA. Van Duin J, Overbeek GP, Backendorf C.Mutant tyrosine transfer RNA that can be charged with glutamine. Escherichia coli formylmethionine tRNA: mutations in GGGCCC sequence conserved in anticodon stem of initiator tRNAs affect initiation of protein synthesis and conformation of anticodon loop. ![]() In vitro conversion of a methionine to a glutamine-acceptor tRNA. Anticodon-dependent aminoacylation of a noncognate tRNA with isoleucine, valine, and phenylalanine in vivo. Effects of overproduction of methionyl-tRNA transformylase and the initiation factors IF2 and IF3. ![]() Mutants of Escherichia coli initiator tRNA defective in initiation. Important role of the amino acid attached to tRNA in formylation and in initiation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli. Li S, Kumar NV, Varshney U, RajBhandary UL.Regulation of translation in eukaryotic systems. Sequence of events in initiation of translation: a role for initiator transfer RNA in the recognition of messenger RNA. A single base change in the Shine-Dalgarno region of 16S rRNA of Escherichia coli affects translation of many proteins. Specialized ribosome system: preferential translation of a single mRNA species by a subpopulation of mutated ribosomes in Escherichia coli. Mechanisms of gene regulation in the general control of amino acid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Detection of Escherichia coli ribosome binding at translation initiation sites in the absence of tRNA. Hartz D, McPheeters DS, Green L, Gold L.Nucleotide sequence of Escherichia coli valyl-tRNA synthetase gene valS. Disruption of the gene for Met-tRNA(fMet) formyltransferase severely impairs growth of Escherichia coli. Guillon JM, Mechulam Y, Schmitter JM, Blanquet S, Fayat G.Initiation of mRNA translation in prokaryotes. Posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms in Escherichia coli. Selection of the mRNA translation initiation region by Escherichia coli ribosomes. Calogero RA, Pon CL, Canonaco MA, Gualerzi CO.Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. ![]() Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.2M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Full textįull text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. In cells overproducing the mutant initiator tRNAs, most ribosomes would carry the mutant initiator tRNA and these ribosomes would select the mutant CAT mRNA over the other mRNAs. These results are most easily understood if assembly of the 30S ribosome-initiator tRNA-mRNA initiation complex in vivo proceeds with the 30S ribosome binding first to the initiator tRNA and then to the mRNA. Here we show that two new mutant CAT genes having GUC and AUC initiation codons also produce more of the CAT protein in the presence of the corresponding mutant initiator tRNAs. Surprisingly, under conditions where the mutant initiator tRNA is optimally active, the CAT gene with the UAG initiation codon produced more CAT protein (3- to 9-fold more depending on the conditions) than the wild-type CAT gene. For functional studies of mutant Escherichia coli initiator tRNAs in vivo, we previously described a strategy based on the use of tRNA genes carrying an anticodon sequence change from CAU to CUA along with a mutant chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene carrying an initiation codon change from AUG to UAG. ![]()
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